Hoysala architecture is the distinctive building style developed under the rule of the
Hoysala Empire in the region historically known as
Karnata, today's
Karnataka,
India, between the 11th and the 14th centuries. Hoysala influence was at its peak in the 13th century, when it dominated the
Southern Deccan Plateau region. Large and small temples built during this era remain as examples of the Hoysala architectural style, including the
Chennakesava Temple at
Belur, the
Hoysaleswara Temple at
Halebidu, and the
Kesava Temple at
Somanathapura. Other examples of fine Hoysala craftmanship are the temples at
Belavadi,
Amrithapura, and
Nuggehalli. Study of the Hoysala architectural style has revealed a negligible Indo-Aryan influence while the impact of Southern Indian style is more distinct.
The vigorous temple building activity of the Hoysala Empire was due to the social, cultural and political events of the period. The stylistic transfomation of the Karnata temple building tradition reflected religious trends popularized by the Vaishnava and Virashaiva philosophers as well as the growing military prowess of the Hoysala kings who desired to surpass their Western Chalukya overlords in artistic achievement.
Henry Moore was a
British artist and
sculptor. Born into a poor mining family in the
Yorkshire town of
Castleford, he became well-known for his large-scale
abstract cast bronze and carved marble sculptures; substantially supported by the British art establishment, Moore helped to introduce a particular form of
modernism into Britain. His ability to satisfy large-scale
commissions made him exceptionally wealthy towards the end of his life. However, he lived frugally and most of his wealth went to endow the
Henry Moore Foundation, which continues to support education and promotion of the arts. His signature form is a pierced reclining figure, first influenced by a
Toltec-
Maya sculpture known as "
Chac Mool", which he had seen as a
plaster cast in
Paris in
1925. Early versions are pierced conventionally as a bent arm reconnects with the body. Later, more abstract versions, are pierced directly through the body in order to explore the concave and convex shapes. These more extreme piercings developed in parallel with
Barbara Hepworth's sculptures. Hepworth first pierced a torso after misreading a review of one of Henry Moore's early shows.